nollaeda (놀래다)

Simplex verb

Verb meaning: FRIGHTEN [frighten]

Comment: As mentioned in ex. 70, this verb form has prescriptively been determined as the causative of an alleged intransitive form, nollada, and South Korean language polity is quite desperately trying to convince people of the incorrectness of this form (see Yi 2010). Whereas the 'correct' intransitive form does not seem to be commonly used in spoken usage, the above form, nollaeda is commonly used as the intransitive form, and nollaekida as the morphological causative. On the one hand, there are numerous on-line sources where one can find the usage of nollaeda as the intransitive and nollaekida as the respective causative form, and since only the prescriptive version is taught to foreigners (and nationals), it is unlikely that the many sources on Google are not very reliable in terms of the authenticity of usage of this verb form (that is, since one could argue that non-native speakers using nollaekida could skew the subjective impression). A rather rare, critical voice has been cited here: ‘놀래키다’는 ‘놀라다’의 사동사다. 즉 남에게 행동을 하게 함을 나타내는 동사다. ‘(남을) 놀라게 하다’는 뜻이다. 그런데 국어사전은 ‘놀래다의 방언’ 또는 ‘놀래다의 잘못’이라고 한다. 표준어가 ‘놀래다’이니 공적인 곳에서는 ‘놀래다’를 쓰라는 의미다. 그러나 ‘놀래다’는 소통에 도움을 주지 않는다. 대부분 ‘놀래키다’라고 한다. 그래야 의미가 잘 전달된다. / Translation of the part in italics: "[The] Standard Korea [morphological causative for FRIGHTEN] is nollaeda and therefore we are supposed to use this form in offiical contexts. But nollaedaI is not useful in communication. Most of the people say nollaekida. Only this way meaning is conveyed correctly." [translation SK] [URL: http://www.seoul.co.kr/news/newsView.php?id=20090814029014, accessed 2014-03-04]; On the other hand, there are a lot of sources which try to inform people of the incorrectness of this form, which could be seen as a sign of how widely used the 'incorrect' form is. Therefore I have included the commonly spoken, intransitive verb form in this database, only listing constructed examples with the prescriptive verb forms. Note that the author of this database has not undergone South Korean schooling and has grown up in a Korean community with limited exposure to regulations within South Korean language policy. For insights into precriptivism in South Korean language policy see Park (2010) and Song (2012). Interesting links to prescriptive discussions on this verb: 1. MBC broadcasting: http://talk.imbc.com/tvinfo/view.aspx?idx=31165 [accessed 2014-02-17]; 2. Daum Educational Broadcasting Channel (EBS) Q & A: http://k.daum.net/qna/view.html?qid=3MfE3&q=%B3%EE%B7%A1%C5%B0%B1%E2 [accessed 2014-02-17]; 3. KBS World's Our Language, Put Correctly: http://rki.kbs.co.kr/korean/program/program_koreanlanguage_detail.htm?No=1296&current_page=53 [accessed 2014-02-17]

Basic coding frame

Schema: 1-nom V

# Microrole Coding set Argument type
1 frightenee NP-nom S
Examples for basic coding frame:
(70)

봐, 소리 때문에 애가 놀랬어!
Bwa, sori ttaemune ega nollaesseo!
bo-a
look-PLAIN
sori
sound
ttaemune
because:LOC
ai-ga
child-NOM
nollae-ss-eo
get_frightened-PST-DECL
Look how the child got frightened because of the sound!

Comment: This is an example for the intransitive use of a form that has prescriptively been determined as the causative of an alleged intransitive form, nollada, and South Korean language polity is quite desperately trying to convince people of the incorrectness of this form (see Yi 2010).

See Yeon 2003.0

Alternations

Alternation Derived coding frame Occurs Comment # Ex.