Language: Korean (Spoken Korean as used in and around Seoul)
Contributors: Soung-U Kim
References: O'Grady 1991.0; Yeon 2003.0; Lee and Ramsey 2000.0; Yi 2010.0; Park 2010.0; Song 2012.0; Seo 2012.0; NIKL nd; Kim 2010.0; Kroeger 2004.0; Kim 2012.0; Sohn 1999.0; Evans 2010.0; Haspelmath 1995.0; Brown et al. 2012.0; Song 2005.0; Comrie 1981.0; Creissels 2010.0; Creissels 2013.0; Shibatani 1994.0; Plank 1995.0; Moseley 2010.0; King 2006.0; Lee and Thompson 1989.0; Kim 2008.0; Maling 1989.0; Kim and Maling 1993.0; Kang 2007.0; Lee 2008.0; Evans 2007.0; Schütze 2001.0
Complex verb
Verb meaning: COUGH [cough]
Comment: This verb is one of the many complex predicates in Korean which consist of a noun-like element and hada 'do'. Although in spoken usage gichim seems to occur as a unit with hada, ex. 187 has been constructed here to show that gichim does retain its nominal properties in that it can take on a modifier and be marked for accusative case. However, gichim is different from an object in that it cannot be passivised, and it contributes the main part of the predicational meaning.
Examples: see at the bottom
Schema: 1-nom V
# | Microrole | Coding set | Argument type |
---|---|---|---|
1 | cougher | NP-nom | S |
(37) |
아이가 심하게 기침했다. Aiga simhage gichimhaetta. ai-ga child-NOM simhage badly gichim=ha-ss-da cough=do-PST-DECL The child coughed badly. Comment: In this sentence, gichim and haetta seem to be a prosodic unit, thus the equals sign. Cf. with ex. 187. |
Alternation | Derived coding frame | Occurs | Comment | # Ex. | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(187) |
아이가 심한 기침을 했다. Aiga siman gichimeul haetta. ai-ga child-NOM simha-n bad-ATTR gichim-eul cough-ACC ha-ss-da do-PST-DECL The child had a bad cough. Comment: In this example, gichim appears separate from its 'light verb', and it is marked for case. This might be due to the modifier simhan 'bad' that modifies gichim adnominally. Compare this with ex. 37, where simha- 'be bad' appears in its adverbial form. |