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Verb meanings
Show all Verb meanings
or select one of the 80 core meanings:
ASK FOR
BE A HUNTER
BEAT
BE DRY
BE HUNGRY
BE SAD
BLINK
BOIL
BREAK
BRING
BUILD
BURN
CARRY
CLIMB
COOK
COUGH
COVER
CUT
DIE
DIG
DRESS
EAT
FEAR
FEEL COLD
FEEL PAIN
FILL
FOLLOW
FRIGHTEN
GIVE
GO
GRIND
HEAR
HELP
HIDE
HIT
HUG
JUMP
KILL
KNOW
LAUGH
LEAVE
LIKE
LIVE
LOAD
LOOK AT
MEET
NAME
PEEL
PLAY
POUR
PUSH
PUT
RAIN
ROLL
RUN
SAY
SCREAM
SEARCH FOR
SEE
SEND
SHAVE (a body part/person)
SHOUT AT
SHOW
SING
SINK
SIT
SIT DOWN
SMELL
STEAL
TAKE
TALK
TEACH
TEAR
TELL
THINK
THROW
TIE
TOUCH
WASH
WIPE
All Coding frames
Microroles
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Data set for Bezhta
(zipped TSV files)
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(zipped TSV files)
Data set for all languages
(zipped SQLite3 file)
Bezhta
Verb forms
Show all 83 Verb forms
or choose by Verb meaning (80 core meanings shown):
ASK FOR
harziyowal
BE A HUNTER
no verbal counterpart
BEAT
yäƛ'elal
BE DRY
qoqal
BE HUNGRY
nukal
BE SAD
urɣelliƛ'a yaqal
BLINK
häydä pacpaƛal
BOIL
ɣayƛal
BREAK
yišelal
BRING
yaq'al
BUILD
no verbal counterpart
BURN
yek'al
CARRY
yezal
CLIMB
no verbal counterpart
COOK
helal
COUGH
öhƛäl
COVER
yoq'olal
CUT
yüč'al
DIE
yuɣal
DIG
yäxäl
DRESS
łič'elal
EAT
yüⁿqal
FEAR
hic'al
FEEL COLD
yäč’ɬal
FEEL PAIN
k'ok'al
FILL
yoc'lal
FOLLOW
müɣäƛ yeⁿƛ'al
FRIGHTEN
hič'egolal
GIVE
niƛal
GO
yeⁿƛ'al (1)
GRIND
haʔal
HEAR
tuqal
HELP
komak bowal
HIDE
yuⁿcal (1)
HIT
yäƛ'elal
HUG
aⁿło yoc'al
JUMP
yogic'al
KILL
yiƛ'al (1)
KNOW
yiq'al
LAUGH
łowal
LEAVE
yeⁿƛ'al (2)
LIKE
yat'al
LIVE
ömrö bowal
LOAD
yoⁿsal
LOOK AT
goc'oqal
MEET
keziyaqal
NAME
caaⁿ gulal
PEEL
no verbal counterpart
PLAY
k'isal
POUR
git'al
PUSH
zistuqlal
PUT
gulal
RAIN
no verbal counterpart
ROLL
k'äyƛäl
RUN
č'an yaɣal, č'änaɣal
SAY
nisal
SCREAM
lalaƛal
SEARCH FOR
xalbowal
SEE
yegaal
SEND
yeⁿyal
SHAVE (a body part/person)
kusuʔal
SHOUT AT
lalaƛal
SHOW
yegalal
SING
no verbal counterpart
SINK
ɣanq'iziyaqal
SIT
q'ey yecal
SIT DOWN
q'ey yecal
SMELL
mäh biq'al
STEAL
yuⁿcal (2)
TAKE
yokčal
TALK
yiq'lašal
TEACH
małciyowal
TEAR
yäxelal
TELL
xabar meyal
THINK
urɣeziyaqal
THROW
yiƛ'al (2)
TIE
yiⁿcal
TOUCH
yeⁿxelal
WASH
nizal
WIPE
yaⁿcolal
Coding frames
Coding sets
Alternations
Examples
Basic Coding frame
1
-erg
2
-lat
3
-abs abs
[
3
]
.
V
#
Coding set
Argument type
1
NP-erg
A
2
NP-lat
X
3
NP-abs & abs.V
P
Derived Coding frames
via
4
-erg
1
-instr
2
-lat
3
-abs abs
[
3
]
.
V'
caus
Causative with
-l/-ll
1
-erg
2
-abs
3
-instr abs
[
2
]
.
V'
Instrument Alternation
1
-erg
2
-poss
3
-abs abs
[
3
]
.
V'
Recipient/Goal/Location Alternation 1
1
-abs
2
-lat
3
-instr abs
[
1
]
.
V'
antip
Antipassive 1 Alternation
1
-poss
2
-lat
3
-abs abs
[
3
]
.
V'
pot
Potential Alternation
1
-erg
2
-apud
3
-abs abs
[
3
]
.
V'
Recipient/Goal/Location Alternation 2
Verb forms with this basic Coding frame
Verb form
Verb meaning
Microrole 1
Microrole 2
Microrole 3
małciyowal
TEACH
teacher
teachee
taught content
niƛal
GIVE
giver
giving recipient
gift
yäƛ'elal
BEAT
beater
beatee
beating instrument
yäƛ'elal
HIT
hitter
hittee
hitting instrument
yaq'al
BRING
bringer
bringing recipient
brought thing
yegalal
SHOW
shower
showing addressee
shown thing
yeⁿxelal
TOUCH
toucher
touchee
touching instrument
yeⁿyal
SEND
sender
sending recipient
sent thing
yezal
CARRY
carrier
carry beneficiary
carried thing
yiƛ'al (2)
THROW
thrower
throwing goal
thrown thing