Alternation ‘Impersonal Passive’ (Coded)

A coded intransitive alternation showing defocusing of both A and P, and a passive verb morphology, signaled by a form of the auxiliaries essere 'BE', venire 'COME', occurring in the unmarked 3rd person singular. A is deleted, optionally surfacing as a prepositional phrase headed by the da 'by', and P is defocused, realized by the (reflexive) morpheme si. The past participle of the lexical verb agrees with the underlying unexpressed argument (P), signaled by si (Cennamo 2010, 2014).

Verb Meaning Verb form Basic coding frame Derived coding frame Occurs Comment # Ex.