wiping surface

Microroles of
WIPE

wiper

wiped material

wiping surface

wipe beneficiary

wipe causer

wipe goal

wipe instrument

29 Verb forms in 26 Languages (66 Coding frames)

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Language	region	family	Verb form (WIPE)	Coding frame	derived	arg_count	Index #	Coding set	Argument type
Hoocąk	Americas	Siouan	waža	D 1 2 4 und[4].und[2].act[1].V'ben	Derived	3	2	obj:und.V
Hoocąk	Americas	Siouan	waža	D 1 2 5 und[5].und[2].act[1].V'inst	Derived	3	2	obj:und.V
Hoocąk	Americas	Siouan	waža	D 6 1 2 und[2].und[1].act[6].V'caus	Derived	3	2	obj:und.V
Sri Lanka Malay	Asia	Austronesian	saapu	B 1 2-acc 3-abl V	Basic	3	3	NP-abl	I
Xârâcùù	Southeast Asia & Australia	Austronesian	jee	B 1 > V 2 (kè+3)	Basic	3	3	kè+NP	X
Bora	Americas	Witotoan	píchóuáco	B 1-nom 2-acc 3-abl V	Basic	3	3	NP-abl	X
Nen	Southeast Asia & Australia	Morehead	läns	B 1-erg 2-abs 3-loc und[2].V.act[1]	Basic	3	3	NP-loc	L
English	Europe (and Indo-European)	Indo-European	wipe	B 1-nom > V.subj[1] > 2-acc > LOC3	Basic	3	3	LOC	L
Mandinka	Africa	Mande	fíta	B 1 > 2 > V	Basic	2	2	Ø	P
Modern Standard Arabic	Africa	Semitic	masaḥa	B V.subj[1] 1-nom 2-acc (ʿan+3)	Basic	3	3	ʿan+NP	X
Even	Asia	Tungusic	tes-	B 1-nom 2-acc 3-abl V.subj[1]	Basic	3	3	NP-abl	X
Ket	Asia	Yeniseic	(a⁴-)bed⁰ (S-O-bed-pl)	B 1 2 (3-abl) subj[1].obj[2].V	Basic	3	3	NP-abl	X
Yaqui	Americas	Uto-Aztecan	tu’ute	B 1-nom 2-acc V	Basic	2	2	NP-acc	P
Hoocąk	Americas	Siouan	waža	D 1/2 act[1/2].V'rfl/rcp	Derived	2	2	act.V
Hoocąk	Americas	Siouan	waža	D 1 2 (LOC)3 und[3].und[2].act[1].V'loc	Derived	3	2	obj:und.V
Yucatec Maya	Americas	Maya	cho'	B sbj[1].V.obj[2] 2 1	Basic	2	2	V.obj	P
Russian	Europe (and Indo-European)	Indo-European	vyteretʹ	D 1-nom obV'.subj[1] 3-acc	Derived	2	3	NP-acc
Hoocąk	Americas	Siouan	waža	B 1 2 und[2].act[1].V	Basic	2	2	obj:und.V	P
Mitsukaido Japanese	Asia	Japonic	hug-u	B 1-nom 2-acc V	Basic	2	2	NP-acc	P
Russian	Europe (and Indo-European)	Indo-European	vyteretʹ	B 1-nom V.subj[1] 2-acc s+3-gen	Basic	3	3	s+NP-gen	X
Russian	Europe (and Indo-European)	Indo-European	vyteretʹ	D 2-nom V'sja.subj[2] s+3-gen (1-instr)	Derived	3	3	s+NP-gen
Russian	Europe (and Indo-European)	Indo-European	vyteretʹ	D 1-nom negV'.subj[1] 2-gen s+3-gen	Derived	3	3	s+NP-gen
Japanese (standard)	Asia	Japonic	hukitoru	B 1-nom 2-acc V	Basic	2	2	NP-acc	P
Eastern Armenian	Europe (and Indo-European)	Indo-European	makʰɾel	B 1-nom 2-nomdat 3-abl V.subj[1]	Basic	3	3	NP-abl	X
Even	Asia	Tungusic	tes-	D 2-nom 1-dat 3-abl advV'.subj[2]	Derived	3	3	NP-abl
Even	Asia	Tungusic	tes-	D 2-nom 3-abl medV'.subj[2]	Derived	2	3	NP-abl
Bezhta	Europe (and Indo-European)	Nakh-Daghestanian	yaⁿcolal	B 1-erg LOC2 3-abs abs[3].V	Basic	3	3	NP-abs & abs.V	P
German	Europe (and Indo-European)	Indo-European	wischen	B 1-nom V.subj[1] 2-acc LOC3	Basic	3	3	LOC	L
German	Europe (and Indo-European)	Indo-European	wischen	D 1-nom V'.subj[1] 4-dat 2-acc LOC3	Derived	4	3	LOC
Icelandic	Europe (and Indo-European)	Indo-European	þurrka	B 1-nom V.agr[1] 2-acc (af+3-dat)	Basic	3	3	af+NP-dat	X
Bora	Americas	Witotoan	píchóuáco	D 1/2-nom 3-abl V'meí	Derived	3	3	NP-abl
Emai	Africa	Niger-Congo	kalọ	B 1 > V > 2	Basic	2	2	Ø	P
Bezhta	Europe (and Indo-European)	Nakh-Daghestanian	yaⁿcolal	D 1-abs LOC2 3-instr abs[1].V'antip	Derived	3	3	NP-instr
Emai	Africa	Niger-Congo	kalọ	D 1 > V' > 2 > lí+3	Derived	3	2	Ø
Emai	Africa	Niger-Congo	kalọ	D 1 > re+4 > V' > 2	Derived	3	2	Ø
Emai	Africa	Niger-Congo	kalọ	D 1 > V' > 2 > vbi+6+re	Derived	3	2	Ø
Emai	Africa	Niger-Congo	kalọ	D 1 > V' > 2 > o+vbi+5	Derived	3	2	Ø
Japanese (standard)	Asia	Japonic	hukitoru	D 2-nom passV'	Derived	1	2	NP-nom
Mitsukaido Japanese	Asia	Japonic	hug-u	D 4-nom 1-dat 2-acc V'rase	Derived	3	2	NP-acc
Mitsukaido Japanese	Asia	Japonic	hug-u	D 1-exp 2-acc V'pot	Derived	2	2	NP-acc
Italian	Europe (and Indo-European)	Romance	pulire	B 1 > V.subj[1] > 2 (da+3)	Basic	3	2	Ø	P
German	Europe (and Indo-European)	Indo-European	wischen	D 2-nom passV'.subj[2] (von+1-dat) LOC3	Derived	3	3	LOC
Italian	Europe (and Indo-European)	Romance	pulire	D 2 > passV'.subj[2] (da+3) (daParteDi+1)	Derived	3	2	V.subj
Italian	Europe (and Indo-European)	Romance	pulire	D 2 > siV'.subj[2] ( > da+3) ( > daParteDi+1)	Derived	3	2	V.subj
Italian	Europe (and Indo-European)	Romance	pulire	D siV'.subj[2] > 2 ( > da+3)	Derived	2	2	V.subj
Italian	Europe (and Indo-European)	Romance	pulire	D 4 > causV'.subj[4] > 2 (da+3) a+1	Derived	4	2	Ø
Hokkaido Japanese	Asia	Japonic	huk-u	B 1-nom 2-acc V	Basic	2	2	NP-acc	P
Hokkaido Japanese	Asia	Japonic	huk-u	D 4-nom 1-dat 2-acc V'cause	Derived	3	2	NP-acc
Hokkaido Japanese	Asia	Japonic	huk-u	D 2-nom V'anticaus	Derived	1	2	NP-nom
Hokkaido Japanese	Asia	Japonic	huk-u	D 2-nom V'pot	Derived	1	2	NP-nom
Jakarta Indonesian	Southeast Asia & Australia	Austronesian	lap	B 1 V 2	Basic	2	2	Ø	P
Bezhta	Europe (and Indo-European)	Nakh-Daghestanian	yaⁿcolal	D 4-erg 1-instr LOC2 3-abs abs[3].V'caus	Derived	4	3	NP-abs & abs.V
Yucatec Maya	Americas	Maya	púust	B sbj[1].V.obj[2] 2 1	Basic	2	2	V.obj	P
Yucatec Maya	Americas	Maya	cho'	D sbj[2].V'pass 2 (tumen+1)	Derived	2	2	sbj.V
Evenki	Asia	Altaic	tesi-	B 1-nom 2-acc 3-abl V	Basic	3	3	NP-abl	X
Yucatec Maya	Americas	Maya	púust	D sbj[2].V'pass 2 (tumen+1)	Derived	2	2	sbj.V
Mandinka	Africa	Mande	kóŋkoŋ	B 1 > 2 > V > LOC3	Basic	3	3	LOC	L
Hokkaido Japanese	Asia	Japonic	huk-u	D 1-nom 2-acc V'pot	Derived	2	2	NP-acc
Bora	Americas	Witotoan	píchóuáco	D 4-nom 1-acc 2-acc 3-abl V'tso	Derived	4	3	NP-abl
Bora	Americas	Witotoan	píchóuáco	D 1/2-nom 3-abl V'jcatsí	Derived	3	3	NP-abl
Icelandic	Europe (and Indo-European)	Indo-European	þurrka	D x-nom passV'.agr[x] 2-acc með+3-dat	Derived	2	3	með +NP-dat
Icelandic	Europe (and Indo-European)	Indo-European	þurrka	D 2-nom passV'.agr[2] með+3-dat	Derived	2	3	með +NP-dat
Jaminjung	Southeast Asia & Australia	Mirndi	wunyu ganimangu	B 1-erg 2-abs subj[1].obj[2].V	Basic	2	2	NP-abs obj.V	P
Japanese (standard)	Asia	Japonic	hukitoru	D 1-nom 2-acc V'pot	Derived	2	2	NP-acc
Korean	Asia	Isolate/Koreanic	dakkda	B 1-nom 2-acc V	Basic	2	2	NP-acc	P
Korean	Asia	Isolate/Koreanic	dakkda	D 2-nom 1-dat passV'	Derived	2	2	NP-nom
Korean	Asia	Isolate/Koreanic	dakkda	D 2-nom passperV'	Derived	1	2	NP-nom

			*Valency Patterns Leipzig online database* is edited by Hartmann, Iren & Haspelmath, Martin & Taylor, Bradley and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.