SAY core meaning

Typical context	They said “no” to me.
Microroles	saying addressee, sayer, said content, say causer

Verb forms 38

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Language	region	family	Verb form	Basic Coding frame	arg_count
German	Europe (and Indo-European)	Indo-European	sagen	1-nom V.subj[1] 2-acc (zu+3-dat)	3
Emai	Africa	Niger-Congo	ẹ ọ́í	1 > V > UTT2	2
Nǀǀng	Africa	Tuu	ku	1 V ng+2 UTT3	3
Chintang	Asia	Tibeto-Burman	lud	1-erg 2-abs 3-abs V.agt[1].obj[3]	3
Jakarta Indonesian	Southeast Asia & Australia	Austronesian	bilang	1 V ke+2 UTT3	3
Jakarta Indonesian	Southeast Asia & Australia	Austronesian	omong	1 V (UTT2)	2
Zenzontepec Chatino	Americas	Otomanguean	nakwę	UTT1 V 2 jiʔį̄+3	3
Japanese (standard)	Asia	Japonic	yuu	1-nom 2-dat UTT3 V	3
Bora	Americas	Witotoan	néé	1-nom 2-acc UTT3	3
Mitsukaido Japanese	Asia	Japonic	sjaber-u	1-nom 2-dat UTT3 V	3
Nen	Southeast Asia & Australia	Morehead	owabs	1-abs 2-abs 3-dat V.act[1]	3
Yucatec Maya	Americas	Maya	a'l	sbj[1].V.obj[2] 2 ti'+3 1	3
Sliammon	Americas	Salish	na-t	V.obj[1].sbj[2] 1	2
Italian	Europe (and Indo-European)	Romance	dire	1 > V.subj[1] > 2 (a+3)	3
Hokkaido Japanese	Asia	Japonic	i(w)-u	1-nom 2-dat UTT3 V	3
Xârâcùù	Southeast Asia & Australia	Austronesian	ché	1 > V 2 xù+3	3
Evenki	Asia	Altaic	guun-	1-nom 2-acc 3-dat V	3
Eastern Armenian	Europe (and Indo-European)	Indo-European	asel	1-nom UTT2 (3-dat) V.subj[1]	3
Bezhta	Europe (and Indo-European)	Nakh-Daghestanian	nisal	1-erg 2-poss UTT3 V	3
Icelandic	Europe (and Indo-European)	Indo-European	segja (1)	1-nom V.agr[1] UTT2 við+3-acc	3
Ainu	Asia	isolate	ye	1 2+(e)un 3 subj[1].obj[3].V	3
Mandarin Chinese	Asia	Sino-Tibetan	shuō	1 > (duì+2 > ) V > UTT3	3
Balinese	Southeast Asia & Australia	Austronesian	ngorahang	1 V UTT2 teken+3	3
Jaminjung	Southeast Asia & Australia	Mirndi	ganiyu	UTT2 1-erg 3-dat subj[1].obj[2].V	3
Korean	Asia	Isolate/Koreanic	malhada	1-nom 2-dat 3-quot V	3
Ojibwe	Americas	Algonquian	kidod	1 V.subjS[1] UTT2	2
Ojibwe	Americas	Algonquian	naad	1 subjA[1].V.objI[2] 2 UTT3	3
Sri Lanka Malay	Asia	Austronesian	biilang	1 2-dat UTT3 V	3
English	Europe (and Indo-European)	Indo-European	say	1-nom > V.subj[1] > 2-acc ( > to+3)	3
Modern Standard Arabic	Africa	Semitic	qāla	V.subj[1] 1-nom li+2 UTT3	3
Hoocąk	Americas	Siouan	ee	1 UTT2 act[1].V	2
Even	Asia	Tungusic	gö’n-	1-nom 2-acc 3-all V.subj[1]	3
Russian	Europe (and Indo-European)	Indo-European	skazatʹ	1-nom V.subj[1] 2-dat UTT3	3
Russian	Europe (and Indo-European)	Indo-European	govoritʹ	1-nom V.subj[1] 2-dat UTT3	3
Ket	Asia	Yeniseic	ma~da⁰	1 (2-dat) subj[1].V UTT3	3
Ket	Asia	Yeniseic	t⁵-ki⁰ (S-t-O-ke-pl)	1 2 3-dat subj[1].obj[2].V	3
Mapudungun	Americas	Araucanian	pin	V.subj[1].obj[2] 2 3 1	3
Yaqui	Americas	Uto-Aztecan	tejwa	1-nom UTT2 (3-acc) V	3

			*Valency Patterns Leipzig online database* is edited by Hartmann, Iren & Haspelmath, Martin & Taylor, Bradley and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.