Alternation ‘Middle’ (Coded)

The middle suffix -Vm forms verbs that express events and states in which no energy or immediate effect is exerted on another entity: if there is an entity that is affected in some manner, that would be the subject itself. The middle verbs do not take oblique objects, and hence they are monovalent intransitive. With some non-agentive unsuffixed verbs, the middle suffix attains the meaning 'susceptible to ..., easy to ...'. There is a limited number of roots that take an intransitive suffix -Vš. These verbs are apparently all monovalent intransitive, and hence for the purpose of the present study, they are treated together with the middle forms.

Verb Meaning Verb form Basic coding frame Derived coding frame Occurs Comment # Ex.