payuntun

Coding frame

Simplex Verb form

Example

(81)

Payuntuy ti wentru.

payuntu-i

shave-IND

ti

ART

wentru

man

‘The man shaved.’

Verb meaning , Microroles , Coding sets

Coding set

A coding set is the coding means of an argument. If the argument is only flagged (coded by an adposition or case), its coding set consists of the flag. If it is only indexed, the coding set consist of the index-series (e.g. subject marking). If it is both flagged and indexed, it consists of both flag and index-series.

and Argument types

Argument type

Arguments are classified into cross-linguistic argument types: A (argument coded like the 'breaker' of 'break'), P (argument coded like the 'broken thing' of 'break'), S (sole argument of a verb that lacks A and P), I (argument coded like the instrument of 'cut'), L (coded like the sitting location of 'sit'), and X (all others).

#	SHAVE (self)	Coding set	Argument type
1	shaver (of self)	V.subj	S

Alternations

Alternation

A valency alternation is defined as a set of two different coding frames that are productively (or at least regularly) associated with both members of a set of verb pairs sharing the same verb stem. Alternations may be coded (marked by an affix on the verb, or by an auxiliary, like the English Passive) or uncoded (like the English Dative alternation).

Filter by type:

Filter by occurrence:

Alternation name	Occurs	Comment	Coded?	Derived Coding frame	Examples
C Applicative 1 more info	NNever		y
C Applicative 2 more info	NNever		y
C Applicative 3 more info	NNever		y
C Applicative 4 more info	NNever		y
C Causative1 more info	–No data		y
C Causative2 more info	–No data		y
C Reflexive more info	RRegularly	payuntu-w-ün may have become more widely used / possible under Spanish influence: afeitar 'shave (tr.)' vs. afeitar-se 'shave (itr.)'. Nowadays both reflexives and non-reflexives are possible with the latter meaning.	y
U Labile	NNever		n