sum-u

Coding frame

Simplex Verb form

Example

Sono syo:nenwa sono murani sunde ita.

sono

that

syo:nen=wa

boy=TOP

sono

that

mura=ni

village=DAT

sun-de

live-GER

i-ta

be-PST

‘That boy lived in that village.’

Verb meaning , Microroles , Coding sets

Coding set

A coding set is the coding means of an argument. If the argument is only flagged (coded by an adposition or case), its coding set consists of the flag. If it is only indexed, the coding set consist of the index-series (e.g. subject marking). If it is both flagged and indexed, it consists of both flag and index-series.

and Argument types

Argument type

Arguments are classified into cross-linguistic argument types: A (argument coded like the 'breaker' of 'break'), P (argument coded like the 'broken thing' of 'break'), S (sole argument of a verb that lacks A and P), I (argument coded like the instrument of 'cut'), L (coded like the sitting location of 'sit'), and X (all others).

#	LIVE	Coding set	Argument type
1	liver	NP-nom	S
2	living place	NP-dat	L

Alternations

Alternation

A valency alternation is defined as a set of two different coding frames that are productively (or at least regularly) associated with both members of a set of verb pairs sharing the same verb stem. Alternations may be coded (marked by an affix on the verb, or by an auxiliary, like the English Passive) or uncoded (like the English Dative alternation).

Filter by type:

Filter by occurrence:

Alternation name	Occurs	Comment	Coded?	Derived Coding frame	Examples
C Anticausative with /rasar/ more info	NNever	N/A	y
C Causative more info	RRegularly	sum-ase-ru	y	4-nom 1-acc 2-dat V'caus	(279) Darekaga sono syo:nen{ni/o} sono murani sumaseta. ‘Someone made the boy live in that village.’ ★
C Lexical argument decreasing alternation more info	NNever	N/A	y
C Lexical argument increasing alternation more info	NNever		y
C DO passive more info	NNever	N/A	y
C Potential (ability) more info	RRegularly	sum-e-ru	y	1-nom 2-dat V'pot	(280) Sono syo:nenwa sono murani sumeru. ‘The boy can live in that village.’ ★
C IO passive more info	NNever		y
C potential (property) more info	RRegularly		y	2-nom V'pot	(281) Sono murawa, ko:kyo:ryo:kinga yasuinode, sigotoga nai hitonimo sumeru. ‘Because the public utility rates are low, that village is easy to live in even for the poor people.’ ★