Coding frames of Hokkaido Japanese

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Coding frame	Alternations	derived	arg_count	#Vs	Verb meanings & Verb forms
B 1-nom 2-acc V	–	Basic	2	34	BE SAD ABOUT (kanasim-u) BOIL (tr) (wakas-u) BUILD (tate-ru) BURN (tr) (yak-u) CLIMB (nobor-u (2)) COOK (ryo:ri su-ru) DIG (hor-u (1), hor-u (2)) EAT (tabe-ru) FEAR (kowagar-u) FOLLOW (oikake-ru) FRIGHTEN (kowagarase-ru) GRIND (sur-u) HELP (tasuke-ru, tetuda(w)-u) HIDE (kakus-u) KNOW (sir-u) LEAVE (de-te ik-u) LIKE (ki=ni ir-u) LOOK AT (mi-ru) PEEL (muk-u) PUSH (os-u, os-u (2)) ROLL (tr) (korogas-u) SEARCH FOR (sagas-u) SEE (mi-ru) SHAVE (a body part/person) (sor-u) SHOUT AT (donar-u) SING (uta(w)-u) SINK (tr) (sizume-ru) SMELL (kag-u) STEAL (nusum-u) WASH (ara(w)-u) WIPE (huk-u, huk-u (2))
B 1-nom 2-dat V	–	Basic	2	8	CLIMB (nobor-u) FOLLOW (tui-te ik-u) GO (ik-u) HEAR (kikoe-ru) HUG (dakituk-u) LIVE (sum-u) SIT DOWN (kosikake-ru) TOUCH (sawar-u)
B 1-nom 2-nom V	–	Basic	2	2	FEEL PAIN (ita-i/itam-u) LIKE (suki=da)
B 1-nom 2+nituite V	–	Basic	2	1	THINK (kangae-ru)
B 1-nom 2-dat 3-acc V	–	Basic	3	17	ASK FOR (motome-ru) BRING (motteik-u) CARRY (hakob-u) COVER (kake-ru) DRESS (kise-ru) FILL (mitas-u (1)) GIVE (kure-ru, yar-u) LOAD (tum-u) POUR (tug-u) PUT (ok-u) SEND (okur-u) SHOW (mise-ru) TALK (hanas-u) TEACH (osie-ru) TELL (hanas-u) THROW (nage-ru) TIE (tunag-u)
B 1-nom 2-com/dat V	–	Basic	2	1	MEET (a(w)-u)
B 1-nom 2-dat UTT3 V	–	Basic	3	1	SAY (i(w)-u)
B 1-nom 2-acc 3-com V	–	Basic	3	1	NAME (yob-u)
B 1-nom 2-abl 3-acc V	–	Basic	3	3	TAKE (mog-u, tor-u) TEAR (hikitigir-u)
B 1-nom 2-acc (3-instr) V	–	Basic	3	5	BEAT (tatak-u) BREAK (war-u) CUT (kir-u) FILL (mitas-u (2)) HIT (tatak-u) KILL (koros-u)
B 1-nom V	–	Basic	1	21	BE A HUNTER (karyu:do=da) BE DRY (kawak-u) BE HUNGRY (onaka=ga her-u, onaka=o sukase-ru) BE SAD (kanasi-i) BLINK (mabataki=o su-ru) BOIL (wak-u) BURN (moe-ru, yake-ru) COUGH (seki=o su-ru) DIE (sin-u) FEEL COLD (samugar-u) JUMP (hane-ru) LAUGH (wara(w)-u) PLAY (asob-u) RAIN (ame=ga hur-u) ROLL (korogar-u) RUN (hasir-u) SCREAM (sakeb-u) SINK (sizum-u) SIT DOWN (suwar-u)
D 3-nom 2-abl 1-dat/niyotte V'pass	DO passive	Derived	3	3	TAKE (mog-u, tor-u) TEAR (hikitigir-u)
D 2-nom 1-dat/niyotte 3-instr V'pass	DO passive	Derived	3	4	BEAT (tatak-u) BREAK (war-u) FILL (mitas-u (2)) HIT (tatak-u) KILL (koros-u)
D 2-nom 1-dat/niyotte 3-com V'pass	DO passive	Derived	3	1	NAME (yob-u)
D 2-nom 1-dat/niyotte V'pass	IO passive DO passive	Derived	2	29	BE SAD ABOUT (kanasim-u) BUILD (tate-ru) COOK (ryo:ri su-ru) DIG (hor-u (1)) EAT (tabe-ru) FEAR (kowagar-u) FOLLOW (oikake-ru, tui-te ik-u) FRIGHTEN (kowagarase-ru) GRIND (sur-u) HELP (tasuke-ru, tetuda(w)-u) HIDE (kakus-u) HUG (dakituk-u) KNOW (sir-u) LIKE (ki=ni ir-u) LOOK AT (mi-ru) PEEL (muk-u) PUSH (os-u) ROLL (tr) (korogas-u) SEARCH FOR (sagas-u) SEE (mi-ru) SHAVE (a body part/person) (sor-u) SHOUT AT (donar-u) SING (uta(w)-u) SINK (tr) (sizume-ru) STEAL (nusum-u) TOUCH (sawar-u) WASH (ara(w)-u) WIPE (huk-u (2))
D 3-nom 1-niyotte 2-dat V'pass	DO passive	Derived	3	15	ASK FOR (motome-ru) BRING (motteik-u) CARRY (hakob-u) COVER (kake-ru) DRESS (kise-ru) FILL (mitas-u (1)) LOAD (tum-u) POUR (tug-u) PUT (ok-u) SEND (okur-u) SHOW (mise-ru) TALK (hanas-u) TEACH (osie-ru) TELL (hanas-u) THROW (nage-ru) TIE (tunag-u)
D 2-nom 1-dat V'pass	DO passive	Derived	2	2	LIKE (suki=da) THINK (kangae-ru)
D 4-nom 1-dat 2-abl 3-acc V'caus	Causative	Derived	4	3	TAKE (mog-u, tor-u) TEAR (hikitigir-u)
D 4-nom 1-dat 2-acc 3-instr V'caus	Causative	Derived	4	5	BEAT (tatak-u) BREAK (war-u) CUT (kir-u) FILL (mitas-u (2)) HIT (tatak-u) KILL (koros-u)
D 4-nom 1-dat 2-acc 3-com V'cause	Causative	Derived	4	1	NAME (yob-u)
D 4-nom 1-dat 2-acc V'cause	Causative	Derived	3	32	BOIL (tr) (wakas-u) BUILD (tate-ru) BURN (tr) (yak-u) CLIMB (nobor-u (2)) COOK (ryo:ri su-ru) DIG (hor-u (1), hor-u (2)) EAT (tabe-ru) FEAR (kowagar-u) FOLLOW (oikake-ru) FRIGHTEN (kowagarase-ru) GRIND (sur-u) HELP (tasuke-ru, tetuda(w)-u) HIDE (kakus-u) LEAVE (de-te ik-u) LIKE (ki=ni ir-u) LOOK AT (mi-ru) PEEL (muk-u) PUSH (os-u, os-u (2)) ROLL (tr) (korogas-u) SEARCH FOR (sagas-u) SEE (mi-ru) SHAVE (a body part/person) (sor-u) SHOUT AT (donar-u) SING (uta(w)-u) SINK (tr) (sizume-ru) SMELL (kag-u) STEAL (nusum-u) WASH (ara(w)-u) WIPE (huk-u, huk-u (2))
D 4-nom 1-acc 2-com/dat V'caus	Causative	Derived	3	1	MEET (a(w)-u)
D 4-nom 1-dat 2-dat 3-acc V'caus	Causative	Derived	4	15	ASK FOR (motome-ru) BRING (motteik-u) CARRY (hakob-u) COVER (kake-ru) DRESS (kise-ru) FILL (mitas-u (1)) LOAD (tum-u) POUR (tug-u) PUT (ok-u) SEND (okur-u) SHOW (mise-ru) TALK (hanas-u) TEACH (osie-ru) TELL (hanas-u) THROW (nage-ru) TIE (tunag-u)
D 4-nom 1-acc 2-dat V'caus	Causative	Derived	3	7	CLIMB (nobor-u) FOLLOW (tui-te ik-u) GO (ik-u) HUG (dakituk-u) LIVE (sum-u) SIT DOWN (kosikake-ru) TOUCH (sawar-u)
D 4-nom 1-dat 2+nituite V'caus	Causative	Derived	3	1	THINK (kangae-ru)
D 4-nom 1-acc V'caus	Causative	Derived	2	11	DIE (sin-u) FEEL COLD (samugar-u) JUMP (hane-ru) LAUGH (wara(w)-u) PLAY (asob-u) RAIN (ame=ga hur-u) ROLL (korogar-u) RUN (hasir-u) SCREAM (sakeb-u) SINK (sizum-u) SIT DOWN (suwar-u)
D 3-nom 2-abl V'anticaus	Anticausative with /rasar/	Derived	2	2	TAKE (mog-u) TEAR (hikitigir-u)
D 2-nom 3-instr V'anticaus	Anticausative with /rasar/	Derived	2	4	BEAT (tatak-u) BREAK (war-u) CUT (kir-u) FILL (mitas-u (2)) HIT (tatak-u)
D 2-nom V'anticaus	Anticausative with /rasar/	Derived	1	14	BOIL (tr) (wakas-u) BUILD (tate-ru) BURN (tr) (yak-u) DIG (hor-u (1), hor-u (2)) GRIND (sur-u) PEEL (muk-u) PUSH (os-u (2)) ROLL (tr) (korogas-u) SHAVE (a body part/person) (sor-u) SINK (tr) (sizume-ru) WASH (ara(w)-u) WIPE (huk-u, huk-u (2))
D 3-nom 2-dat V'anticaus	Anticausative with /rasar/	Derived	2	9	CARRY (hakob-u) DRESS (kise-ru) FILL (mitas-u (1)) LOAD (tum-u) POUR (tug-u) PUT (ok-u) SEND (okur-u) SHOW (mise-ru) TIE (tunag-u)
D 1-nom V'anticaus	Anticausative with /rasar/	Derived	1	3	BE DRY (kawak-u) BOIL (wak-u) SINK (sizum-u)
D 2-nom 1-abl 3-acc V'pass	IO passive	Derived	3	1	TAKE (tor-u)
D 2-nom 3-acc 1-dat/niyotte V'pass	IO passive	Derived	3	7	ASK FOR (motome-ru) COVER (kake-ru) DRESS (kise-ru) SEND (okur-u) SHOW (mise-ru) TALK (hanas-u) TEACH (osie-ru) TELL (hanas-u)
D 3-nom V'pot	potential (property)	Derived	1	2	TAKE (mog-u) TEAR (hikitigir-u)
D 2-nom 3-instr V'pot	potential (property)	Derived	2	3	BEAT (tatak-u) BREAK (war-u) CUT (kir-u) HIT (tatak-u)
D 2-nom 3-com V'pot	potential (property)	Derived	2	1	NAME (yob-u)
D 2-nom V'pot	potential (property)	Derived	1	15	BURN (tr) (yak-u) EAT (tabe-ru) FRIGHTEN (kowagarase-ru) HELP (tasuke-ru) HIDE (kakus-u) HUG (dakituk-u) LIVE (sum-u) LOOK AT (mi-ru) PUSH (os-u (2)) SEARCH FOR (sagas-u) SEE (mi-ru) SING (uta(w)-u) TOUCH (sawar-u) WASH (ara(w)-u) WIPE (huk-u, huk-u (2))
D 3-nom 2-dat V'pot	potential (property)	Derived	2	10	BRING (motteik-u) COVER (kake-ru) GIVE (yar-u) LOAD (tum-u) PUT (ok-u) SEND (okur-u) SHOW (mise-ru) TALK (hanas-u) TELL (hanas-u) THROW (nage-ru) TIE (tunag-u)
D 1-nom V'pot	potential (property) Potential (ability)	Derived	1	10	BE DRY (kawak-u) BURN (moe-ru) DIE (sin-u) JUMP (hane-ru) LAUGH (wara(w)-u) PLAY (asob-u) ROLL (korogar-u) RUN (hasir-u) SCREAM (sakeb-u) SIT DOWN (suwar-u)
D 1-nom 2-abl 3-acc V'pot	Potential (ability)	Derived	3	3	TAKE (mog-u, tor-u) TEAR (hikitigir-u)
D 1-nom 2-acc (3-instr) V'pot	Potential (ability)	Derived	3	5	BEAT (tatak-u) BREAK (war-u) CUT (kir-u) FILL (mitas-u (2)) HIT (tatak-u) KILL (koros-u)
D 1-nom 2-acc 3-com V'pot	Potential (ability)	Derived	3	1	NAME (yob-u)
D 1-nom 2-acc V'pot	Potential (ability)	Derived	2	30	BOIL (tr) (wakas-u) BUILD (tate-ru) BURN (tr) (yak-u) CLIMB (nobor-u (2)) COOK (ryo:ri su-ru) DIG (hor-u (1), hor-u (2)) EAT (tabe-ru) FOLLOW (oikake-ru) FRIGHTEN (kowagarase-ru) GRIND (sur-u) HELP (tasuke-ru, tetuda(w)-u) HIDE (kakus-u) LEAVE (de-te ik-u) LOOK AT (mi-ru) PEEL (muk-u) PUSH (os-u, os-u (2)) ROLL (tr) (korogas-u) SEARCH FOR (sagas-u) SEE (mi-ru) SHAVE (a body part/person) (sor-u) SHOUT AT (donar-u) SING (uta(w)-u) SINK (tr) (sizume-ru) SMELL (kag-u) STEAL (nusum-u) WASH (ara(w)-u) WIPE (huk-u, huk-u (2))
D 1-nom 2-com/dat V'pot	Potential (ability)	Derived	2	1	MEET (a(w)-u)
D 1-nom 2-dat 3-acc V'pot	Potential (ability)	Derived	3	16	ASK FOR (motome-ru) BRING (motteik-u) CARRY (hakob-u) COVER (kake-ru) DRESS (kise-ru) FILL (mitas-u (1)) GIVE (yar-u) LOAD (tum-u) POUR (tug-u) PUT (ok-u) SEND (okur-u) SHOW (mise-ru) TALK (hanas-u) TEACH (osie-ru) TELL (hanas-u) THROW (nage-ru) TIE (tunag-u)
D 1-nom 2-dat UTT3 V'pot	Potential (ability)	Derived	3	1	SAY (i(w)-u)
D 1-nom 2-dat V'pot	Potential (ability)	Derived	2	7	CLIMB (nobor-u) FOLLOW (tui-te ik-u) GO (ik-u) HUG (dakituk-u) LIVE (sum-u) SIT DOWN (kosikake-ru) TOUCH (sawar-u)
D 1-nom 2+nituite V'pot	Potential (ability)	Derived	2	1	THINK (kangae-ru)
D UTT3 1-dat/niyotte 2-dat V'pass	DO passive	Derived	3	1	SAY (i(w)-u)
D 4-nom 1-dat 2-dat UTT3 V'caus	Causative	Derived	4	1	SAY (i(w)-u)
D 2-nom UTT3 1-dat/niyotte V'pass	IO passive	Derived	3	1	SAY (i(w)-u)

			*Valency Patterns Leipzig online database* is edited by Hartmann, Iren & Haspelmath, Martin & Taylor, Bradley and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.