Alternation ‘Impersonal Passive’ (Coded)

S di-V; Indonesian allows for symmetrical passives, whereby A ACTIVE-V P alternates with P PASSIVE-V A. There is no demotion of arguments. That alternation contrast with the impersonal passive, where the agent is demoted to an optional adjunct.

Verb Meaning Verb form Basic coding frame Derived coding frame Occurs Comment # Ex.