graben

Coding frame

1-nom V.subj[1] nach+2-dat

Simplex Verb form

Example

(66)

Der Abenteurer gräbt nach Gold.

der

DEF.M.NOM

Abenteurer

adventurer

gräb-t

dig\3SG-3SG.PRS

nach

for

Gold

gold(DAT)

‘The adventurer digs for gold.’

Verb meaning , Microroles , Coding sets

Coding set

A coding set is the coding means of an argument. If the argument is only flagged (coded by an adposition or case), its coding set consists of the flag. If it is only indexed, the coding set consist of the index-series (e.g. subject marking). If it is both flagged and indexed, it consists of both flag and index-series.

and Argument types

Argument type

Arguments are classified into cross-linguistic argument types: A (argument coded like the 'breaker' of 'break'), P (argument coded like the 'broken thing' of 'break'), S (sole argument of a verb that lacks A and P), I (argument coded like the instrument of 'cut'), L (coded like the sitting location of 'sit'), and X (all others).

#	DIG	Coding set	Argument type
1	digger	NP-nom V.subj	S
2	dug up thing	nach+NP-dat	X

Alternations

Alternation

A valency alternation is defined as a set of two different coding frames that are productively (or at least regularly) associated with both members of a set of verb pairs sharing the same verb stem. Alternations may be coded (marked by an affix on the verb, or by an auxiliary, like the English Passive) or uncoded (like the English Dative alternation).

Filter by type:

Filter by occurrence:

Alternation name	Occurs	Comment	Coded?	Derived Coding frame	Examples
C be- Alternation (II) more info	NNever		y
C ver- Alternation more info	NNever		y
C Passive with werden more info	NNever		y
U Cognate Object Insertion more info	NNever		n
C be- Alternation (I) more info	NNever		y
U Object Omission Alternation more info	RRegularly		n	1-nom V'.subj[1]
U Ambitransitive Alternation (A>S) more info	NNever		n
C Prepositional Alternation more info	NNever		y
C er- Alternation more info	MMarginally	highly marked (Er hat (sich) seinen Reichtum ergraben.)	y
U Benefactive Alternation more info	MMarginally		n
C Anticausative Alternation more info	NNever		y
U Instrument Subject Alternation more info	NNever		n
C Impersonal Passive	RRegularly		y	x-nom passV'.subj[x] (nach+2-dat)	(164) Es wird nach Gold gegraben. ‘The gold gets dug for.’ ★
C Passive with sein			y