gboo ku a

Coding frame

Complex Verb form

Verb type: V_V

Example

(58)

Òjè gbóó élí ékhè kú à.

òjè

Oje

gbóó

break

élí

the

ékhè

pots

kú

spread

à

CS

‘Oje broke the pots into pieces. / Oje broke the pots into smithereens.’

Verb meaning , Microroles , Coding sets

Coding set

A coding set is the coding means of an argument. If the argument is only flagged (coded by an adposition or case), its coding set consists of the flag. If it is only indexed, the coding set consist of the index-series (e.g. subject marking). If it is both flagged and indexed, it consists of both flag and index-series.

and Argument types

Argument type

Arguments are classified into cross-linguistic argument types: A (argument coded like the 'breaker' of 'break'), P (argument coded like the 'broken thing' of 'break'), S (sole argument of a verb that lacks A and P), I (argument coded like the instrument of 'cut'), L (coded like the sitting location of 'sit'), and X (all others).

#	BREAK	Coding set	Argument type
1	breaker	Ø	A
2	broken thing	Ø	P

Alternations

Alternation

A valency alternation is defined as a set of two different coding frames that are productively (or at least regularly) associated with both members of a set of verb pairs sharing the same verb stem. Alternations may be coded (marked by an affix on the verb, or by an auxiliary, like the English Passive) or uncoded (like the English Dative alternation).

Filter by type:

Filter by occurrence:

Alternation name	Occurs	Comment	Coded?	Derived Coding frame	Examples
U Ambitransitive more info	RRegularly		n	2 > V'	(59) Élí ékhè gbóó kù á. ‘The pots broke into smithereens. / The pots broke into pieces.’ ★
U Distributive locative insertion (specific) more info	MMarginally		n		(193) Òjè gbóó élí ékhè kú ọ́ vbí úkpódẹ̀. ‘Oje broke the pots all over the road.’ ★
U Object omission more info	NNever		n
U Locative omission more info	NNever		n
U Applicative li insertion more info	NNever		n
U Addressee li + hon insertion more info	NNever		n
U Addressee vbiee insertion more info	NNever		n
U Locative change of state more info	NNever		n
U Projected adherence insertion more info	NNever		n
U Causative insertion more info	NNever		n
U Instrument insertion more info	RRegularly		n	1 > re+4 > V' > 2	(60) Òjè rẹ́ údò gbóó élí ékhè kú à. ‘Oje used a stone to break the pots into smithereens. / Oje broke the pots into pieces with a stone.’ ★
U Allative insertion more info	NNever		n
U Elative insertion more info	NNever		n
U External possessor alternation more info	MMarginally		n
U Distributive locative insertion (unspecific) more info	RRegularly		n