Coding frames of Bezhta

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coding frames.

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Coding frame	Alternations	derived	arg_count	#Vs	Verb meanings & Verb forms
B 1-erg 2-abs abs[2].V	–	Basic	2	12	COOK (helal) DIG (yäxäl) EAT (yüⁿqal) FILL (yoc'lal) FRIGHTEN (hič'egolal) GRIND (haʔal) MAKE (yowal) MEET (keziyaqal) PUSH (zistuqlal) SEARCH FOR (xalbowal) SHAVE (a body part/person) (kusuʔal) WASH (nizal)
B 1-lat 2-abs abs[2].V	–	Basic	2	4	HEAR (tuqal) KNOW (yiq'al) LIKE (yat'al) SEE (yegaal) WANT (yat'al)
B 1-abs 2-poss abs[1].V	–	Basic	2	3	FEAR (hic'al) LOOK AT (goc'oqal) TALK (yiq'lašal)
B 1-erg 2-abs 3-instr abs[2].V	–	Basic	3	3	BREAK (yišelal) CUT (yüč'al) KILL (yiƛ'al (1))
B 1-abs abs[1].V	–	Basic	1	16	APPEAR (yoⁿq'al) BE DRY (qoqal) BE HUNGRY (nukal) BE ILL (k'ok'al) BE SAD (urɣelliƛ'a yaqal) BOIL (ɣayƛal) BURN (yek'al) CRY (yiyaal) DIE (yuɣal) FEEL COLD (yäč’ɬal) FEEL PAIN (k'ok'al) JUMP (yogic'al) LAUGH (łowal) PLAY (k'isal) ROLL (k'äyƛäl) SINK (ɣanq'iziyaqal) SIT (q'ey yecal) SIT DOWN (q'ey yecal)
B 1-erg 2-lat V	–	Basic	2	3	HELP (komak bowal) HUG (aⁿło yoc'al) TELL (xabar meyal)
B 1-erg 2-poss UTT3 V	–	Basic	3	1	SAY (nisal)
B 1-erg 2-lat 3-abs abs[3].V	–	Basic	3	9	BEAT (yäƛ'elal) BRING (yaq'al) CARRY (yezal) GIVE (niƛal) HIT (yäƛ'elal) SEND (yeⁿyal) SHOW (yegalal) TEACH (małciyowal) THROW (yiƛ'al (2)) TOUCH (yeⁿxelal)
B 1-erg V	–	Basic	1	3	COUGH (öhƛäl) RUN (č'an yaɣal, č'änaɣal)
B 1-abs 2-com abs[1].V	–	Basic	2	1	FOLLOW (müɣäƛ yeⁿƛ'al)
B 1-erg 2-abl 3-abs abs[3].V	–	Basic	3	2	HIDE (yuⁿcal (1)) TEAR (yäxelal)
B 1-erg 2-abs 3-sup abs[2].V	–	Basic	3	2	COVER (yoq'olal) DRESS (łič'elal)
B 1-erg LOC2 3-abs abs[3].V	–	Basic	3	4	CLEAN (yaⁿcolal) LOAD (yoⁿsal) POUR (git'al) PUT (gulal) WIPE (yaⁿcolal)
B 1-erg 2-poss 3-abs abs[3].V	–	Basic	3	1	ASK FOR (harziyowal)
B 1-erg 2-sup V	–	Basic	2	2	NAME (caaⁿ gulal) SCREAM (lalaƛal) SHOUT AT (lalaƛal)
B 1-lat V	–	Basic	1	1	SMELL (mäh biq'al)
B N/A	–	Basic	0	6	BE A HUNTER (no verbal counterpart) BUILD (no verbal counterpart) CLIMB (no verbal counterpart) PEEL (no verbal counterpart) RAIN (no verbal counterpart) SING (no verbal counterpart)
B 1-erg 2-iness V	–	Basic	2	1	LIVE (ömrö bowal)
B 1-abs 2-supabl abs[1].V	–	Basic	2	2	FALL (yekal) THINK (urɣeziyaqal)
B 1-abs LOC2 abs[1].V	–	Basic	2	1	GO (yeⁿƛ'al (1))
B 1-abs 2-abl abs[1].V	–	Basic	2	1	LEAVE (yeⁿƛ'al (2))
B 1-erg 2-abs 3-instr LOC4 abs[2].V	–	Basic	4	1	TIE (yiⁿcal)
B 1-lat 2-possabl 3-abs abs[3].V	–	Basic	3	1	GET (yiqal)
B 1-erg 2-possabl 3-abs abs[3].V	–	Basic	3	2	STEAL (yuⁿcal (2)) TAKE (yokčal)
D 2-abs abs[2].V'	Ambitransitive Alternation	Derived	1	1	COOK (helal)
D 1-abs abs[1].V'antip	Antipassive 2 Alternation Antipassive 1 Alternation	Derived	1	7	BE DRY (qoqal) BOIL (ɣayƛal) COUGH (öhƛäl) JUMP (yogic'al) PLAY (k'isal) RUN (č'an yaɣal) WASH (nizal)
D 1-abs 3-instr 2-abl abs[1].V'antip	Antipassive 1 Alternation	Derived	3	1	TEAR (yäxelal)
D 1-abs 3-instr 4-loc abs[1].V'antip	Antipassive 1 Alternation	Derived	3	1	TIE (yiⁿcal)
D 1-abs 2-instr abs[1].V'antip	Antipassive 1 Alternation	Derived	2	13	BREAK (yišelal) COOK (helal) CUT (yüč'al) EAT (yüⁿqal) FILL (yoc'lal) GRIND (haʔal) KILL (yiƛ'al (1)) KNOW (yiq'al) MAKE (yowal) PUSH (zistuqlal) SHAVE (a body part/person) (kusuʔal) SING (no verbal counterpart) WASH (nizal)
D 3-erg 1-abs LOC2 abs[1].V'caus	Causative with -l/-ll	Derived	3	1	GO (yeⁿƛ'al (1))
D 3-erg 1-abs 2-poss abs[1].V'caus	Causative with -l/-ll	Derived	3	1	LOOK AT (goc'oqal)
D 3-erg 1-abs 2-supabl abs[1].V'caus	Causative with -l/-ll	Derived	3	1	FALL (yekal)
D 4-erg 1-instr 2-abl 3-abs abs[3].V'caus	Causative with -l/-ll	Derived	4	2	HIDE (yuⁿcal (1)) TEAR (yäxelal)
D 5-erg 1-instr 2-abs 3-instr LOC4 abs[2].V'caus	Causative with -l/-ll	Derived	5	1	TIE (yiⁿcal)
D 4-erg 1-instr 2-abs 3-instr abs[2].V'caus	Causative with -l/-ll	Derived	4	3	BREAK (yišelal) CUT (yüč'al) KILL (yiƛ'al (1))
D 4-erg 1-instr 2-abs 3-sup abs[2].V'caus	Causative with -l/-ll	Derived	4	2	COVER (yoq'olal) DRESS (łič'elal)
D 3-erg 1-instr 2-iness V'caus	Causative with -l/-ll	Derived	3	1	LIVE (ömrö bowal)
D 4-erg 1-instr 2-lat 3-abs abs[3].V'caus	Causative with -l/-ll	Derived	4	9	BEAT (yäƛ'elal) BRING (yaq'al) CARRY (yezal) GIVE (niƛal) HIT (yäƛ'elal) SEND (yeⁿyal) SHOW (yegalal) TEACH (małciyowal) THROW (yiƛ'al (2)) TOUCH (yeⁿxelal)
D 3-erg 1-instr 2-lat V'caus	Causative with -l/-ll	Derived	3	3	HELP (komak bowal) HUG (aⁿło yoc'al) TELL (xabar meyal)
D 4-erg 1-instr LOC2 3-abs abs[3].V'caus	Causative with -l/-ll	Derived	4	4	CLEAN (yaⁿcolal) LOAD (yoⁿsal) POUR (git'al) PUT (gulal) WIPE (yaⁿcolal)
D 4-erg 1-instr 2-poss 3-abs abs[3].V'caus	Causative with -l/-ll	Derived	4	1	ASK FOR (harziyowal)
D 4-erg 1-instr 2-poss UTT3-quot V'caus	Causative with -l/-ll	Derived	4	1	SAY (nisal)
D 4-erg 1-instr 2-possabl 3-abs abs[3].V'caus	Causative with -l/-ll	Derived	4	3	GET (yiqal) STEAL (yuⁿcal (2)) TAKE (yokčal)
D 3-erg 1-instr 2-sup V'caus	Causative with -l/-ll	Derived	3	2	NAME (caaⁿ gulal) SCREAM (lalaƛal) SHOUT AT (lalaƛal)
D 2-erg 1-instr V'caus	Causative with -l/-ll	Derived	2	2	RUN (č'an yaɣal, č'änaɣal)
D 2-erg 1-lat V'caus	Causative with -l/-ll	Derived	2	1	SMELL (mäh biq'al)
D 2-erg 1-abs abs[1].V'caus	Causative with -l/-ll	Derived	2	10	APPEAR (yoⁿq'al) BE DRY (qoqal) BE ILL (k'ok'al) BE SAD (urɣelliƛ'a yaqal) BOIL (ɣayƛal) BURN (yek'al) DIE (yuɣal) FEEL PAIN (k'ok'al) JUMP (yogic'al) ROLL (k'äyƛäl) SIT (q'ey yecal) SIT DOWN (q'ey yecal)
D 3-erg 1-instr 2-abs abs[2].V'caus	Causative with -l/-ll	Derived	3	11	COOK (helal) DIG (yäxäl) FILL (yoc'lal) FRIGHTEN (hič'egolal) GRIND (haʔal) MAKE (yowal) PUSH (zistuqlal) SEARCH FOR (xalbowal) SHAVE (a body part/person) (kusuʔal) SING (no verbal counterpart) WASH (nizal)
D 1-erg 2-abs 3-instr abs[2].V'	Instrument Alternation	Derived	3	1	BEAT (yäƛ'elal) HIT (yäƛ'elal)
D 1-erg 2-poss 3-abs abs[3].V'	Recipient/Goal/Location Alternation 1	Derived	3	2	GIVE (niƛal) THROW (yiƛ'al (2))
D 3-erg 1-lat 2-abs abs[2].V'caus	Causative with -l/-ll	Derived	3	3	HEAR (tuqal) KNOW (yiq'al) LIKE (yat'al) WANT (yat'al)
D 1-abs 2-lat 3-instr abs[1].V'antip	Antipassive 1 Alternation	Derived	3	7	BEAT (yäƛ'elal) BRING (yaq'al) CARRY (yezal) GIVE (niƛal) HIT (yäƛ'elal) SEND (yeⁿyal) THROW (yiƛ'al (2)) TOUCH (yeⁿxelal)
D 1-abs 2-lat abs[1].V'antip	Antipassive 1 Alternation	Derived	2	2	HUG (aⁿło yoc'al) TELL (xabar meyal)
D 1-abs 2-possabl 3-instr abs[1].V'antip	Antipassive 1 Alternation	Derived	3	2	STEAL (yuⁿcal (2)) TAKE (yokčal)
D 1-abs 2-sup abs[1].V'antip	Antipassive 1 Alternation	Derived	2	2	NAME (caaⁿ gulal) SCREAM (lalaƛal) SHOUT AT (lalaƛal)
D 1-abs LOC2 3-instr abs[1].V'antip	Antipassive 1 Alternation	Derived	3	4	CLEAN (yaⁿcolal) LOAD (yoⁿsal) POUR (git'al) PUT (gulal) WIPE (yaⁿcolal)
D 1-poss 2-com abs[1].V'pot	Potential Alternation	Derived	2	1	FOLLOW (müɣäƛ yeⁿƛ'al)
D 1-poss 2-poss abs[1].V'pot	Potential Alternation	Derived	2	3	FEAR (hic'al) LOOK AT (goc'oqal) TALK (yiq'lašal)
D 1-poss LOC2 abs[1].V'pot	Potential Alternation	Derived	2	1	GO (yeⁿƛ'al (1))
D 1-poss 2-abl 3-abs abs[3].V'pot	Potential Alternation	Derived	3	2	HIDE (yuⁿcal (1)) TEAR (yäxelal)
D 1-poss 2-abs 3-instr LOC4 abs[2].V'pot	Potential Alternation	Derived	4	1	TIE (yiⁿcal)
D 1-poss 2-iness V'pot	Potential Alternation	Derived	2	1	LIVE (ömrö bowal)
D 1-poss 2-lat 3-abs abs[3].V'pot	Potential Alternation	Derived	3	7	BEAT (yäƛ'elal) BRING (yaq'al) CARRY (yezal) GIVE (niƛal) HIT (yäƛ'elal) SEND (yeⁿyal) TEACH (małciyowal) THROW (yiƛ'al (2))
D 1-poss 2-lat V'pot	Potential Alternation	Derived	2	3	HELP (komak bowal) HUG (aⁿło yoc'al) TELL (xabar meyal)
D 1-poss 2-poss 3-abs abs[3].V'pot	Potential Alternation	Derived	3	1	ASK FOR (harziyowal)
D 1-poss 2-poss UTT3-quot V'pot	Potential Alternation	Derived	3	1	SAY (nisal)
D 1-poss 2-possabl 3-abs abs[3]V'pot	Potential Alternation	Derived	3	2	STEAL (yuⁿcal (2)) TAKE (yokčal)
D 1-poss 2-sup V'pot	Potential Alternation	Derived	2	2	NAME (caaⁿ gulal) SCREAM (lalaƛal) SHOUT AT (lalaƛal)
D 1-poss LOC2 3-abs abs[3].V'pot	Potential Alternation	Derived	3	3	LOAD (yoⁿsal) POUR (git'al) PUT (gulal)
D 1-poss V'pot	Potential Transitivizing Alternation Potential Alternation	Derived	1	5	BLINK (häydä pacpaƛal) COUGH (öhƛäl) RUN (č'an yaɣal, č'änaɣal) SMELL (mäh biq'al)
D 1-poss abs[1].V'pot	Potential Alternation	Derived	1	6	BE SAD (urɣelliƛ'a yaqal) CRY (yiyaal) DIE (yuɣal) JUMP (yogic'al) PLAY (k'isal) SIT (q'ey yecal) SIT DOWN (q'ey yecal)
D 1-abs 3-sup 2-instr abs[1].V'antip	Antipassive 1 Alternation	Derived	3	2	COVER (yoq'olal) DRESS (łič'elal)
D 1-poss 2-abs abs[2].V'pot	Potential Alternation	Derived	2	9	COOK (helal) DIG (yäxäl) EAT (yüⁿqal) GRIND (haʔal) MAKE (yowal) SEARCH FOR (xalbowal) SHAVE (a body part/person) (kusuʔal) SING (no verbal counterpart) WASH (nizal)
D 1-poss 2-abs 3-instr abs[2].V'pot	Potential Alternation	Derived	3	2	CUT (yüč'al) KILL (yiƛ'al (1))
D 2-poss 1-abs abs[1].V'	Accidental/Potential Intransitive Alternation	Derived	2	7	APPEAR (yoⁿq'al) BE DRY (qoqal) BOIL (ɣayƛal) BURN (yek'al) DIE (yuɣal) FEEL COLD (yäč’ɬal) ROLL (k'äyƛäl)
D 3-poss 2-supabl 1-abs abs[1].V'	Accidental/Potential Intransitive Alternation	Derived	3	1	FALL (yekal)
D 1-poss 2-abs abs[2].V'	Accidental/Potential Transitive Alternation	Derived	2	2	COOK (helal) GRIND (haʔal)
D 1-poss 3-instr 2-abs abs[2].V'	Accidental/Potential Transitive Alternation	Derived	3	2	BREAK (yišelal) CUT (yüč'al)
D 3-erg 1-abs 2-instr abs[1].V'caus4	Causative with golal	Derived	4	1	EAT (yüⁿqal)
D 1-erg 2-apud 3-abs abs[3].V'	Recipient/Goal/Location Alternation 2	Derived	3	4	BRING (yaq'al) CARRY (yezal) SEND (yeⁿyal) THROW (yiƛ'al (2))
D 1-poss 2-supabl abs[1].V'pot	Potential Alternation	Derived	2	1	THINK (urɣeziyaqal)
D 2-erg 1-abs abs[1].V'caus2	Causative with -k'	Derived	2	1	FEEL COLD (yäč’ɬal)
D 3-erg 1-abs 2-supabl abs[1].V'caus3	Causative with yowal	Derived	3	1	THINK (urɣeziyaqal)
D 2-erg 1-abs abs[1].V'caus3	Causative with yowal	Derived	3	1	SINK (ɣanq'iziyaqal)
D 3-erg 1-abs abs[1].V'caus4	Causative with golal	Derived	3	2	FEAR (hic'al) TALK (yiq'lašal)
D 2-erg 1-abs abs[1].V'caus4	Causative with golal	Derived	3	4	BE HUNGRY (nukal) CRY (yiyaal) LAUGH (łowal) PLAY (k'isal)
D 2-poss 1-abs abs[1].V'pot	Potential Transitivizing Alternation	Derived	2	9	APPEAR (yoⁿq'al) BE DRY (qoqal) BE HUNGRY (nukal) BE ILL (k'ok'al) BOIL (ɣayƛal) BURN (yek'al) FEEL PAIN (k'ok'al) JUMP (yogic'al) ROLL (k'äyƛäl) SINK (ɣanq'iziyaqal)
D 3-poss 1-abs abs[1].V'pot	Potential Transitivizing Alternation	Derived	2	1	FALL (yekal)
D 1-abs 2-abl abs[1].V'antip	Antipassive 1 Alternation	Derived	2	1	LEAVE (yeⁿƛ'al (2))
D 1-abs 2-com abs[1].V'antip	Antipassive 1 Alternation	Derived	2	1	FOLLOW (müɣäƛ yeⁿƛ'al)
D 1-abs LOC2 abs[1].V'antip	Antipassive 1 Alternation	Derived	2	1	GO (yeⁿƛ'al (1))
D 1-poss 2-abs 3-sup abs[2].V'pot	Potential Alternation	Derived	3	1	DRESS (łič'elal)
B V	–	Basic	0	1	BLINK (häydä pacpaƛal)
D 1-poss V'	Accidental/Potential Intransitive Alternation	Derived	1	1	BLINK (häydä pacpaƛal)
D V'antip	Antipassive 1 Alternation	Derived	0	1	BLINK (häydä pacpaƛal)
D 1-erg V'caus	Causative with -l/-ll	Derived	1	1	BLINK (häydä pacpaƛal)

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