menekang

Coding frame

Complex Verb form

Example

(45)

Petanine ento menekang somi ke treke ento.

petani=ne

farmer=DEF

ento

that

menekang

load

somi

hay

ke

to

trek=e

truck=DEF

ento

that

‘The farmer loaded hay onto the truck.’

Verb meaning , Microroles , Coding sets

Coding set

A coding set is the coding means of an argument. If the argument is only flagged (coded by an adposition or case), its coding set consists of the flag. If it is only indexed, the coding set consist of the index-series (e.g. subject marking). If it is both flagged and indexed, it consists of both flag and index-series.

and Argument types

Argument type

Arguments are classified into cross-linguistic argument types: A (argument coded like the 'breaker' of 'break'), P (argument coded like the 'broken thing' of 'break'), S (sole argument of a verb that lacks A and P), I (argument coded like the instrument of 'cut'), L (coded like the sitting location of 'sit'), and X (all others).

#	LOAD	Coding set	Argument type
1	loader	Ø	A
2	loaded thing	Ø	P
3	loading place	ke+NP	X

Alternations

Alternation

A valency alternation is defined as a set of two different coding frames that are productively (or at least regularly) associated with both members of a set of verb pairs sharing the same verb stem. Alternations may be coded (marked by an affix on the verb, or by an auxiliary, like the English Passive) or uncoded (like the English Dative alternation).

Filter by type:

Filter by occurrence:

Alternation name	Occurs	Comment	Coded?	Derived Coding frame	Examples
C Passive -a alternation	RRegularly		y		(147) Somine ento penekanga teken petanine ento ke treke ento. ‘The hay was loaded into the truck by the farmer.’ ★
C Passive ka- alternation	RRegularly		y		(194) Somine ento kapenekang teken petanine ento ke treke ento. ‘The hay was loaded into the truck by the farmer.’ ★
C Resultative ma- alternation	NNever		y
C Causative with instrument causee more info	NNever		y
C Causative with Theme causee more info	NNever		y
C Locative alternation (oblique to object) more info	–No data		y
C Locative alternation (argument rearanging) more info	RRegularly		y		(98) Petanine ento menekin treke ento (aji) somi. ‘The farmer loaded the truck with hay.’ ★
C Locative alternation (argument adding)	–No data		y