takallama (تكلم)

Coding frame

V.subj[1] 1-nom maʿa+2 ʿan+3

Examples

(53)

Takallama rraǧulu maʿa lwaladi ʿan albinti.

takallama

speak.V.PRF.3SG.M

r-raǧul-u

ART-man.M-NOM

maʿa

with

l-walad-i

ART-boy.M-GEN

ʿan

about

al-bint-i

ART-girl.F-GEN

‘The man talked to the boy about the girl.’

(54)

Takallama rraǧulu maʿa lwaladi ʿalâ albinti.

takallama

speak.V.PRF.3SG.M

r-raǧul-u

ART-man.M-NOM

maʿa

with

l-walad-i

ART-boy.M-GEN

ʿalâ

on

al-bint-i

ART-girl.F-GEN

‘The man talked to the boy about the girl.’

Verb meaning , Microroles , Coding sets

Coding set

A coding set is the coding means of an argument. If the argument is only flagged (coded by an adposition or case), its coding set consists of the flag. If it is only indexed, the coding set consist of the index-series (e.g. subject marking). If it is both flagged and indexed, it consists of both flag and index-series.

and Argument types

Argument type

Arguments are classified into cross-linguistic argument types: A (argument coded like the 'breaker' of 'break'), P (argument coded like the 'broken thing' of 'break'), S (sole argument of a verb that lacks A and P), I (argument coded like the instrument of 'cut'), L (coded like the sitting location of 'sit'), and X (all others).

#	TALK	Coding set	Argument type
1	talker	V.subj NP-nom	S
2	talked to person	maʿa+NP	X
3	talked about content	ʿan+NP	X

Alternations

Alternation

A valency alternation is defined as a set of two different coding frames that are productively (or at least regularly) associated with both members of a set of verb pairs sharing the same verb stem. Alternations may be coded (marked by an affix on the verb, or by an auxiliary, like the English Passive) or uncoded (like the English Dative alternation).

Filter by type:

Filter by occurrence:

Alternation name	Occurs	Comment	Coded?	Derived Coding frame	Examples
C Stem VIII Reflexive more info	NNever		y
C Stem IV Causative more info	NNever		y
U Locative Alternation 1 more info	NNever		n
C Stem VI Reciprocal more info	NNever		y
C Stem VI Reflexive more info	NNever		y
U Prepositional (min 'from') / Accusative Object Alternation more info	NNever		n
C Stem II Causative more info	NNever		y
C Stem V Anticausative more info	NNever		y
C Stem V Reflexive more info	NNever		y
C Stem VI Passive more info	NNever		y
C Stem VII Passive more info	NNever		y
C Stem VIII Reciprocal more info	NNever		y
U Theme / Recipient Alternation - Prepositional (li+ 'to') / Accusative Object more info	NNever		n
U Locative Alternation 2 more info	NNever		n
C Stem X Causative more info	NNever		y
U Prepositional (bi+) / Accusative object Alternation more info	NNever		n
C Stem VII Anticausative more info	NNever		y
C Stem VIII Anticausative more info	NNever		y
U Locative Alternation 3 more info	NNever		n
U Goal Alternation - Prepositional (ʾilâ+ 'to') / Accusative Object more info	NNever		n
U Object Omission Alternation more info	NNever		n
U Theme / Source Alternation - Prepositional (min+ 'from') Accusative Object more info	NNever		n
C Caused Motion Alternation more info	NNever		y
U Object Adding Alternation more info	NNever		n