Stem shape taCāCaCa (stem VI), derived from verbs with stem shape CāCaCa (stem III) and marginally from verbs with stem shape CaCaCa/CaCiCa/CaCuCa (stem I). The derived form expresses reciprocal actions which are performed by two (see examples 27, 37, 57, 90, 101, 129) or more subjects (see examples 24, 27, 35, 212) who act upon each other. If the subject is a singular NP the second agent of the action can be introduced by the preposition maʿa 'with' (see example 70). In this case the second agent is marked by genitive (all prepositions in MSA govern the genitive case). Two subject noun phrases are coordinated by the prefix-conjunction wa- 'and' attached to the second subject noun phrase (see examples 37, 57, 90, 101, 129). As the result of the derivation the valency of the basic verb is reduced > a direct object is deleted.
Verb Meaning | Verb form | Basic coding frame | Derived coding frame | Occurs | Comment | # Ex. | |
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