per-e (SG) / per-pa (PL)

Verb meaning

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Verb meaning

The 80 ValPaL verb meanings are comparison meanings that were chosen for representativeness and comparability.

, Microroles

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Microrole

A microrole is the semantic role of an argument of an individual verb, e.g. the 'breaker' of a 'break' event.

, Coding sets

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Coding set

A coding set is the coding means of an argument. If the argument is only flagged (coded by an adposition or case), its coding set consists of the flag. If it is only indexed, the coding set consist of the index-series (e.g. subject marking). If it is both flagged and indexed, it consists of both flag and index-series.

and Argument types

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Argument type

Arguments are classified into cross-linguistic argument types: A (argument coded like the 'breaker' of 'break'), P (argument coded like the 'broken thing' of 'break'), S (sole argument of a verb that lacks A and P), I (argument coded like the instrument of 'cut'), L (coded like the sitting location of 'sit'), and X (all others).